1. Department of Electrical Engineering; University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar; Peshawar Pakistan
2. Wolverhampton Cyber Research Institute, School of Mathematics and Computer Science; University of Wolverhampton; Wolverhampton UK
3. Department of Computer and Information Sciences; Northumbria University; Newcastle Upon Tyne UK
4. Centre of Excellence in Information Assurance; King Saud University; Riyadh Saudi Arabia