1. School of Tourism and Geography Science Qingdao University Qingdao Shandong Province China
2. Department of Tourism Management Shanxi University Taiyuan Shanxi Province China
3. Department of Hotel Management Kyung Hee Cyber University Seoul South Korea
4. Department of Food Service and Management, Faculty of Food Science and Technology Universiti Putra Malaysia Serdang Selangor Malaysia
5. College of Hospitality and Tourism Management Sejong University Seoul Gwangjin‐Gu South Korea