Abstract
High‐tech industry encompasses technology‐driven manufacturing and services, playing a critical role in global/regional economic restructuring and producing distinct geographical patterns. Over time, these industries have acted as catalysts for job creation and regional growth in the era of globalization. They have, however, also been associated with labor market polarization, inequality, and insecurity of low‐wage jobs within neoliberal economic systems. Initially concentrated in the United States, Europe, and Japan from World War II to the 1990s, high‐tech development has now expanded to newly industrialized countries, particularly in Asia. This shift has intensified global competition and, in some cases, created geographical tensions related to technology supremacy. The high‐tech industry's geographical distribution is influenced by uneven human resources and regional institutional environments, and by varying public investment and policies.