Breast abscesses and cigarette smoking

Abstract

Abstract An 11-year retrospective review of women with breast abscesses presenting to a district general hospital was performed. A total of 122 women were identified with a breast abscess: 85 (70 per cent) with non-lactational abscesses and 37 (30 per cent) with an abscess in the puerperium. Six of 37 lactational and 24 of 85 non-lactational abscesses recurred. Sixteen mammillary fistulae developed, all following incision and drainage of non-lactational breast abscesses. Women with non-lactational breast abscesses were more likely to smoke cigarettes (P < 0·005). Breast abscesses containing anaerobic bacteria were signlficantly more likely to occur in current cigarette smokers (P < 0·05). Women with non-lactational breast abscesses who were heavy cigarette smokers were more likely to sufer recurrent abscesses (P < 0·01). There was histological evidence of duct ectasia on biopsy in 25 women with non-lactational abscesses and 21 of 25 were current smokers. Mammillary fistulae developed more frequently in current smokers (P < 0·03). Cigarette smoking is important in the natural history of non-lactational breast abscesses and may predispose to anaerobic breast infections and the development of mammillary fistulae.