Catalytic Steam Reforming of Ethanol to Produce Hydrogen: Modern and Efficient Catalyst Modification Strategies

Abstract

AbstractHydrogen is regarded as one of the most promising renewable energy that carriers with a high heating value for replacing fossil fuels and meeting clean energy requirements. Steam reforming has shown considerable promises in the creation of hydrogen. Many studies on catalytic steam reforming of ethanol have been published. Hence, developing efficient and stable catalysts capable of producing large H2 yields and ethanol conversion is a crucial step. Nickel is an essential industrial catalyst because it enhances hydrogenation and dehydrogenation reactions by promoting the scission of C−C bonds. Many studies have been conducted by employing noble metal‐based catalysts to reduce coke deposition and enhance metal stability against sintering since they are known to successfully break the C−C bond, resulting in less carbonaceous deposits and hence more stable catalysts. To avoid carbon production, alkaline promoters, and bimetallic heterogeneous catalysts are commonly utilized in catalysis. However, because huge amounts of by‐product CO2 produced by SRE courses are usually regarded as the primary cause of hydrogen purity degradation, it is recommended to remove CO2 in‐situ to achieve high hydrogen production.