Anticancer Activities of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesized Using Guava Leaf extract.

Abstract

AbstractIn this study, we report on the green synthesis, characterization, and anticancer activity of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) prepared using extracts of guava leaves. The ZnO NPs were successfully synthesized using a simple and eco‐friendly method. Then, the synthesized NPs were characterized using various techniques including Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The results confirmed the formation of ZnO NPs with an average size of approximately 20 nm, along with a spherical morphology and well‐defined boundaries. The anticancer activity of the synthesized NPs was evaluated against different cancer cell lines, including A549 (lung cancer), HeLa (cervical cancer), and MCF7 (breast cancer), as well as normal human dermal fibroblast (HDF) cells. The analysis showed that the ZnO NPs exhibited significant anticancer activity, especially against the MCF7 and HeLa cancer cell lines, along with relatively low toxicity toward HDF cells. These findings highlight the potential of ZnO NPs synthesized using guava leaf extract as promising candidates for biomedical applications, particularly in cancer therapy.