Lithium‐ion Battery Safety Enhancement via Internal Multi‐Parameter Simulation of Thermal and Pressure Conditions

Abstract

AbstractSafety incidents with lithium‐ion batteries have impeded the battery industry‘s progress. As internal battery reactions often precede visible symptoms, and traditional electrical parameters are insufficient for comprehensive state assessment and hazard prediction, this study utilized multi‐physics simulations to analyze non‐electrical parameters, focusing on temperature and pressure dynamics. Partial validation of the simulation results was achieved through temperature monitoring experiments under varying charge/discharge rates. The findings indicated that internal temperature uniformly increased, with higher rates leading to more pronounced rises, and identified that lithium dendrite formation and mechanical stress could initiate thermal runaway. To mitigate these risks, specific operational guidelines were suggested. The study also established a positive correlation between pressure changes and temperature, influencing the battery‘s volume. Temperature monitoring further validated the simulations′ precision. This research deepens the understanding of non‐electrical parameter functions during battery operation and provides scientific evidence for the prediction and prevention of lithium‐ion battery safety risks.