Affiliation:
1. School of Chemical Engineering Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450001 P. R. China
2. Department of Chemistry KU Leuven Celestijnenlaan 200F Leuven 3001 Belgium
3. ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center Zhejiang University Hangzhou 311215 China
4. Engineering Research Center for Nanomaterials Henan University Kaifeng 475004 P. R. China
5. Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids Ministry of Education School of Chemical and Material Engineering International Joint Research Laboratory for Nano Energy Composites Jiangnan University Wuxi 214122 P. R. China
Abstract
AbstractAqueous rechargeable multivalent metal‐ion batteries (ARMMBs) have attracted considerable attention due to their high capacity, high energy density, and low cost. However, their performance is often limited by low temperature operation, which requires the development of anti‐freezing electrolytes. In this review, we summarize the anti‐freezing mechanisms and optimization strategies of anti‐freezing electrolytes for aqueous batteries (especially for Zn‐ion batteries). Besides, we investigate the possible interactions and side reactions between electrolytes and electrodes. We also analyze the problems between electrolytes and electrodes at low temperature, and propose possible solutions. The research progress in the field of low temperature energy storage for aqueous Mg‐ion, Ca‐ion, and Al‐ion batteries, and the challenges faced in their anti‐freezing electrolytes are investigated in detail. Last but not least, the outlook on the energy storage applications of ARMMBs is provided to guide the future research.
Funder
National Natural Science Foundation of China
Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek
Subject
Materials Chemistry,General Chemical Engineering,Biochemistry,General Chemistry