Unconventional Shrinkage of Hot Electron Distribution in Metal Directly Visualized by Ultrafast Imaging

Author:

Gao Guoquan1,Jiang Lan123,Xue Bofeng1,Yang Fei1,Wang Ti4,Wan Yan5,Zhu Tong1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Laser Micro/Nano Fabrication Laboratory School of Mechanical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 P. R. China

2. Beijing Institute of Technology Chongqing Innovation Center Chongqing 401120 P. R. China

3. Yangtze Delta Region Academy of Beijing Institute of Technology Jiaxing 314019 P. R. China

4. Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro‐ and Nano‐Structures of Ministry of Education, and School of Physics and Technology Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 P. R. China

5. College of Chemistry Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 P.R. China

Abstract

AbstractElucidation of hot carrier transport and cooling mechanisms at the micro‐/nanoscale is critical for optoelectronics, thermal management, and photocatalysis. Spatiotemporal evolution of hot electrons is usually convoluted with their ultrafast dynamics. Herein, an ultrafast microscopy is employed to directly track the spatiotemporal distribution of photoexcited hot electrons, providing a transformative approach to unravel the competitive relationship of transport and cooling. In the temporal evolution profiles of hot electron distribution, an anomalous contracting stage showing obvious thickness and fluence dependency is observed, with a characteristic end time indicating the completion of electron–phonon (e‐ph) thermalization. Hot electron transport plays a prominent role in the competition with e‐ph coupling, while interfacial heat dissipation dominates nonequilibrium state evolution with thickness below ballistic length. This work significantly enriches the tool kit of ultrafast techniques and provides guidance for rational design and optimization of micro‐/nanodevices.

Funder

National Natural Science Foundation of China

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

General Materials Science,General Chemistry

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