1. Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine 54 Shogoin Kawahara‐cho, Sakyo‐ku Kyoto 606‐8507 Japan
2. Clinical Epidemiology Hyogo College of Medicine Nishinomiya Japan
3. Cardiovascular Medicine Shiga General Hospital Moriyama Japan
4. Division of Cardiology Tenri Hospital Tenri Japan
5. Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital Kobe Japan
6. Department of Cardiology National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center Kyoto Japan
7. Department of Cardiology Osaka Red Cross Hospital Osaka Japan
8. Department of Cardiology Kurashiki Central Hospital Kurashiki Japan
9. Department of Cardiology Kokura Memorial Hospital Kokura Japan
10. Department of Cardiology Japanese Red Cross Wakayama Medical Center Wakayama Japan
11. Department of Cardiology Hyogo Prefectural Amagasaki General Medical Center Amagasaki Japan
12. Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine Shinshu University Matsumoto Japan