Recent Progress on the Surface and Bulk Modification of Carbon Nitrides for Photocatalytic Carbon Dioxide Reduction

Abstract

Photocatalytic CO2 reduction has been considered as a green and sustainable approach to solve energy and environmental problems. However, the CO2 reduction efficiency of various types of semiconductor photocatalysts studied at this stage is far from realizing practical applications. The challenge of photocatalytic CO2 reduction is to design photocatalysts with excellent catalytic performance. This article summarizes the carbon nitride materials for efficient CO2 reduction and obtaining high value‐added products. The physicochemical properties of carbon nitride materials are discussed in terms of the photocatalytic mechanisms (bandgap tuning, high specific surface area, shorter electron–hole transmission paths, increasing the number of active sites, etc.). The present review provides the latest research progress of carbon nitride modification strategies. The prospects and challenges for the application of carbon nitride materials for CO2 reduction are presented. This review article will provide useful guidance for further research on carbon nitride materials for efficient photocatalytic CO2 reduction.