Affiliation:
1. Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University Al‐Kharj Saudi Arabia
2. Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University Al‐Kharj Saudi Arabia
Abstract
AbstractBACKGROUNDThis study systematically designed and optimised a transniosomal formulation containing embelin for skin cancer management. The transniosomes were developed using a rotary evaporation method and then optimised using a Box–Behnken design.RESULTSThe optimized embelin‐loaded transniosomes (Opt‐EMB‐TNs) exhibited a vesicle size of 149.01 nm, polydispersity index of 0.184, a zeta potential of −21.14 mV, an entrapment efficiency of 75.6 ± 0.65%, drug loading of 3.36 ± 0.03% and drug release of 80.88 ± 2.55%. The antioxidant potential of Opt‐EMB‐TNs was found to be 88.54% when compared to standard ascorbic acid. Dermatokinetic studies showed a greater drug deposition in targeted skin areas with Opt‐EMB‐TN gel compared to the embelin conventional gel (EMB‐CF gel). In addition, the penetration depth study of the skin sample revealed that the transniosomal gel containing rhodamine B dye exhibited higher penetration than that of the rhodamine B dye containing hydroalcoholic solution. The efficacy of Opt‐EMB‐TNs for skin cancer was confirmed by cytotoxicity assay against the B16F10 melanoma cell line.CONCLUSIONThe study concluded that the Opt‐EMB‐TN gel formulation is a promising and effective topical treatment for skin cancer, demonstrating significant potential for further development and clinical application. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.