Self‐Powered Nanofluidic Pressure Sensor with a Linear Transfer Mechanism

Abstract

AbstractThe transfer functions of the widely used pressure sensors do not exhibit the desired linearity, which limits their practicability in many fields, such as the Internet of Things and artificial intelligence. Herein, MXene/cellulose nanofiber composite membrane‐based linear nanofluidic pressure sensors are demonstrated. The nanoscale gaps between MXene laminates restrict the movement of electrolyte and realize the selective transport of ions, based on which mechanical signals can be converted into electric energy for self‐powering. In particular, the generated voltage and current are directly proportional to the applied pressure. The introduction of high‐strength cellulose nanofibers not only expands the detection range of the sensor but also achieves continuous adjustment of the nano‐gap between MXene laminates, which optimizes the sensitivity of the device. The feasibility of further optimization through the modulation of surface functional groups, electrolyte concentration, and device assembly method is proposed. This 2D nanofluid pressure sensor provides an important approach to manufacture portable and wearable electronic devices for applications in many fields.