Biomimetic Design of Hydration‐Responsive Silk Fibers and their Role in Actuators and Self‐Modulated Textiles

Author:

Xu Xiaoyun1ORCID,Wang Zhuang1,Su Yupei1,Zhang Ke1,Li Min1,Zhang Qi1,Zhang Shuai1,Zhao Yi2,Ke Qinfei3,Hu Hong4,Young Robert J.5,Zhu Shanshan6,Hu Jinlian1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Biomedical Engineering City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR 999077 China

2. Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Advanced Textiles Donghua University Shanghai 201620 China

3. School of Perfume and Aroma Technology Shanghai Institute of Technology Shanghai 200235 China

4. School of Fashion and Textiles The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong SAR 999077 China

5. Department of Materials The University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK

6. CAS Key Laboratory of Human‐Machine Intelligence‐Synergy Systems Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology (SIAT) Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Shenzhen 518055 China

Abstract

AbstractHydration‐induced shape‐morphing behavior has been discovered in many natural fiber‐based materials, yet this smart behavior in regenerated fibers from biopolymers lacks investigation. Here, hierarchically structured silk fibers are developed with anisotropic long‐range molecular organization and water‐responsive effects resembling natural spider silk. The regenerated silk fibers exhibit the water‐triggered shape‐memory effect and a water‐driven cyclic response. The reversible hydrogen bonds and transformation in the metastable secondary structure from α‐helices/random coils to β‐sheets are explored as the mechanisms responsible for the water‐responsiveness. The silk fibers obtained possess a tensile strength higher than 104 MPa at a fracture strain of ≈100%, showing noticeable toughness. The water‐responsive silk fibers exhibit a shape recovery rate of ∼83% and generate a maximum actuation stress of up to 18 MPa during the water‐driven cyclic contraction that outperforms most traditional natural textile fibers. The regenerated silk fibers show potential for use in water‐driven actuators, artificial muscle, and smart fabrics based on the integration of suitable mechanical properties and water responsiveness.

Funder

National Natural Science Foundation of China

University Grants Committee

City University of Hong Kong

Publisher

Wiley

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