Affiliation:
1. Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology College of Chemical and Biological Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
2. Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province College of Chemical and Biological Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
3. Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials College of Chemistry and Materials Science Zhejiang Normal University Jinhua 321004 China
4. Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials College of Chemistry & Materials Science Fujian Normal University Fuzhou 350007 China
Abstract
AbstractBiological ion channels are renowned for their exceptional ion transport selectivity and adaptability to environmental changes, posing a significant challenge for synthetic mimicry. Herein, an innovative covalent–organic‐framework membrane featuring aligned benzothiadiazole units within its oriented 1D nanochannels is reported. These densely arrayed dipolar benzothiadiazole units enhance selective ion adsorption and facilitate membrane charge regulation. Consequently, the membrane can dynamically adjust its permselectivity toward ions, transitioning seamlessly between cation‐selective, ambipolar, and anion‐selective states. This versatility affects both the type of ions transported and the transport efficiency, supporting reversible and controlled membrane operation, as illustrated by the capacity to regulate the magnitude and direction of osmotic power. When interacting with multivalent anions, highly negatively charged channels of the membrane exhibit outstanding cation permselectivity and conductivity. Specifically, upon exposure to PO43− ions, the membrane achieves a remarkable osmotic power of 155 W m−2 and an energy conversion efficiency of 46.1% under salinity gradients of 0.5 and 0.01 m NaCl. Notably, introducing multivalent cations can reverse the polarity of the membrane. This work underscores the potential of exploiting ion‐dipolar interactions for the development of adaptive, ion‐selective membranes with promising applications in electrochemical sensing, energy conversion, and more.
Funder
National Key Research and Development Program of China
Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province
National Natural Science Foundation of China