4D Printed Protein‐AuNR Nanocomposites with Photothermal Shape Recovery

Author:

Yu Siwei1ORCID,Sadaba Naroa12ORCID,Sanchez‐Rexach Eva12,Hilburg Shayna L.3ORCID,Pozzo Lilo D.3ORCID,Altin‐Yavuzarslan Gokce4,Liz‐Marzán Luis M.567ORCID,Jimenez de Aberasturi Dorleta567ORCID,Sardon Haritz2ORCID,Nelson Alshakim1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Chemistry University of Washington Seattle WA 98195 USA

2. POLYMAT and Department of Polymers and Advanced Materials: Physics Chemistry, and Technology Faculty of Chemistry University of Basque Country UPV/EHU Donostia‐San Sebastián 20018 Spain

3. Department of Chemical Engineering University of Washington Seattle WA 98195 USA

4. Molecular Engineering and Sciences Institute University of Washington Seattle WA 98195 USA

5. CIC biomaGUNE Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA) Donostia‐San Sebastián 20014 Spain

6. Biomedical Networking Center on Bioengineering Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER‐BBN) Donostia‐San Sebastián 20014 Spain

7. Ikerbaque Basque Foundation for Science Bilbao 48009 Spain

Abstract

Abstract4D printing is the 3D printing of objects that change chemically or physically in response to an external stimulus over time. Photothermally responsive shape memory materials are attractive for their ability to undergo remote activation. While photothermal methods using gold nanorods (AuNRs) are used for shape recovery, 3D patterning of these materials into objects with complex geometries using degradable materials is not addressed. Here, the fabrication of 3D printed shape memory bioplastics with photo‐activated shape recovery is reported. Protein‐based nanocomposites based on bovine serum albumin (BSA), poly (ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA), and AuNRs are developed for vat photopolymerization. These 3D printed bioplastics are mechanically deformed under high loads, and the proteins served as mechano‐active elements that unfolded in an energy‐dissipating mechanism that prevented fracture of the thermoset. The bioplastic object maintained its metastable shape‐programmed state under ambient conditions. Subsequently, up to 99% shape recovery is achieved within 1 min of irradiation with near‐infrared (NIR) light. Mechanical characterization and small angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS) analysis suggest that the proteins mechanically unfold during the shape programming step and may refold during shape recovery. These composites are promising materials for the fabrication of biodegradable shape‐morphing devices for robotics and medicine.

Funder

National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering

National Science Foundation

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

Electrochemistry,Condensed Matter Physics,Biomaterials,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

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