Coastal darkening exacerbates eutrophication symptoms through bottom‐up and top‐down control modification

Author:

Garnier Aurélie1ORCID,Östman Örjan1ORCID,Ask Jenny23ORCID,Bell Olivia1ORCID,Berggren Martin4ORCID,Rulli Mayra P. D.4ORCID,Younes Hani4ORCID,Huss Magnus1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Aquatic Resources Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden

2. Department of Ecology and Environmental Science Umeå University Umeå Sweden

3. Umeå Marine Sciences Center Umeå University Norrbyn Sweden

4. Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science Lund University Lund Sweden

Abstract

AbstractCoastal eutrophication due to excessive anthropogenic nutrient loading is a major threat worldwide, and especially in estuaries and semi‐enclosed waterbodies, like the brackish Baltic Sea. In addition, coastal waters may become darker (coastal darkening) due to increased input of colored compounds from terrestrial run‐off and sediment resuspension. Still, the effects of darkening on coastal food web responses to eutrophication are unknown. In a mesocosm experiment with benthic and pelagic habitats, we manipulated nutrient loading, presence of fish and light availability to disentangle bottom‐up and top‐down control of eutrophication symptoms in ambient and darkened waters. Overall, we found higher pelagic Chlorophyll a concentrations (a proxy of algal biomass) with darkening and with nutrient enrichment in both clear and dark waters. Albeit fish had a strong impact on zooplankton and zoobenthos, they had no cascading effect on algae. We conclude that coastal darkening due to changes in land use and climate change can pose an additional challenge concerning the recovery of coastal waters from eutrophication.

Funder

Svenska Forskningsrådet Formas

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

Aquatic Science,Oceanography

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