Anterior extension of the choroid plexus into the frontal horns of the fetal lateral cerebral ventricles: Prenatal findings and postnatal outcome

Abstract

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the short‐ and long‐term outcome of fetuses with evidence of extension of the choroid plexus into the frontal horns.MethodsThis is a retrospective cohort study of fetuses diagnosed with isolated choroid plexi extending into the frontal horns. Fetuses with major central nervous system anomalies were excluded. Ultrasound and fetal/postnatal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were evaluated. Postnatal outcomes, including developmental assessment, were obtained.ResultsTwenty nine fetuses were diagnosed with choroid plexus extension (22 unilateral and 7 bilateral). Gestational age at diagnosis was 19.3 weeks. Three cases (10.3%) presented with nonspecific extra‐CNS findings. At presentation, 8/29 (28%) cases had single/multiple choroid plexus cysts (CPC). Twenty‐six (89.6%) cases underwent antenatal MRI. On MRI, four cases had punctate susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) foci suggesting trace hemosiderin and two cases had ventriculomegaly. Antenatal follow‐up demonstrated resolution of the choroid plexus extension in 90% (18/20). Gestational age at delivery was 39.6 weeks. All had normal neurologic examinations within 24 h of life. Postnatal MRI studies were notable for deep venous differences in seven cases. Long‐term clinical outcome was assessed in 14 cases with a median follow‐up of 1.75 years, with normal neurodevelopment reported in 13/14 (92.8%).ConclusionsMost fetuses with an anterior extension of the choroid plexus as the sole sonographic finding had favorable outcomes.