Cognitive control impairment in ax‐continuous performance test in patients with schizophrenia: A pilot EEG study

Author:

Li Bing123,Liu Chao‐meng45ORCID,Wang Li‐na45,Jin Wen‐qing45,Pan Wei‐gang45,Wang Wen45,Ren Yan‐ping45,Ma Xin45,Tang Yi‐lang67

Affiliation:

1. Hebei Provincial Mental Health Center Baoding China

2. Hebei Key Laboratory of Major Mental and Behavioral Disorders Baoding China

3. The Sixth Clinical Medical College of Hebei University Baoding China

4. The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China

5. Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection Capital Medical University Beijing China

6. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta Georgia USA

7. Mental Health Service Line Atlanta VA Medical Center Decatur Georgia USA

Abstract

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the mechanism of cognitive control impairment in patients with schizophrenia (SPs) using electroencephalogram (EEG).MethodsA total of 17 SPs and 17 healthy controls (HCs) were included in this study. We measured the EEG activity, whereas they performed the AX‐continuous performance test which consisted of the preparatory phase and the response phase. The MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB) was used for cognitive function, and the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) was used for clinical symptom assessment. A univariate linear regression model was used to explore the relationships among behavioral index, event‐related potentials (ERPs), rhythmic oscillation power, and score of MCCB and PANSS.ResultsA significant difference was found in response accuracy and reaction time (RT) during the preparatory phase between patients and HCs (p < .05). During the response phase, the SPs exhibited longer RT than the HCs (p < .05). Analysis of the ERPs revealed that the amplitude of P3a on BX clues was significantly smaller in SPs than in HCs (p < .05). Additionally, the midline frontal theta power of neural oscillation was significantly lower in the SPs than in NCs both during the preparatory and response phases. The accuracies on BX clues (r = .694, p = .002) and d'context (r = .698, p = .002) were positively correlated with MCCB scores.ConclusionThe present study revealed that patients with schizophrenia have deficits both in proactive and reactive cognitive control, with a greater reliance on reactive control during conflict resolution. The neural mechanisms of the cognitive control impairment may involve the inability to engage additional neural resources for proactive control, and a reduction in frontal midline theta power during both proactive and reactive control. The severity of proactive control impairment is positively correlated with an increased tendency to rely on reactive control.

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

Behavioral Neuroscience

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