Comprehensive microRNA expression analysis of pediatric gonadal germ cell tumors: unveiling novel biomarkers and signatures

Author:

Santarosa Vieira Ana Glenda123ORCID,da Silva Luciane Sussuchi4,Albino da Silva Eduardo Caetano5,Laus Ana Carolina4,Faria Thaíssa Maria Veiga1,van Helvoort Lengert André4,Martins Gisele Eiras12,de Oliveira Marco Antônio4,Reis Rui Manuel467,Lopes Luiz Fernando12,Pinto Mariana Tomazini48

Affiliation:

1. Barretos Children's Cancer Hospital from Hospital de Amor Brazil

2. Brazilian Childhood Germ Cell Tumor Study Group The Brazilian Pediatric Oncology Society (SOBOPE) São Paulo Brazil

3. Pediatric Cancerology's Department of Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Santos Brazil

4. Molecular Oncology Research Center Barretos Cancer Hospital Brazil

5. Department of Pathology Barretos Cancer Hospital Brazil

6. Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), Medical School University of Minho Braga Portugal

7. ICVS/3B's‐PT Government Associate Laboratory Braga Portugal

8. Pediatric Oncology Research Group (GPOPed), Molecular Oncology Research Center Barretos Cancer Hospital Brazil

Abstract

microRNAs (miRNAs) are small endogenous noncoding RNAs, and alterations in their expression may contribute to oncogenesis. Discovering a unique miRNA pattern holds the potential for early detection and novel treatment possibilities in cancer. This study aimed to evaluate miRNA expression in pediatric patients with gonadal germ cell tumors (GCTs), focusing on characterizing the miRNA profiles of each histological subtype and identifying a distinct histological miRNA signature for a total of 42 samples of pediatric gonadal GCTs. The analysis revealed distinct miRNA expression profiles for all histological types, regardless of the primary site. We identified specific miRNA expression signatures for each histological type, including 34 miRNAs for dysgerminomas, 13 for embryonal carcinomas, 25 for yolk sac tumors, and one for immature teratoma, compared to healthy controls. Furthermore, we identified 26 miRNAs that were commonly expressed in malignant tumors, with six miRNAs (miR‐302a‐3p, miR‐302b‐3p, miR‐371a‐5p, miR‐372‐3p, miR‐373‐3p, and miR‐367‐3p) showing significant overexpression. Notably, miR‐302b‐3p exhibited a significant association with all the evaluated clinical features. Our findings suggest that miRNAs have the potential to aid in the diagnosis, prognosis, and management of patients with malignant GCTs.

Publisher

Wiley

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