Affiliation:
1. College of Agriculture and Biology Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering Guangzhou China
2. Rice Research Institute Guangdong Rice Engineering Laboratory Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of High Quality Rice in Southern China (Co‐construction By Ministry and Province) Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences Guangzhou China
3. Faculty of Agriculture Shizuoka University Shizuoka Japan
4. Research Institute for Mushroom Science Shizuoka University Shizuoka Japan
Abstract
AbstractFairy rings are naturally occurring phenomena that are circular or curved clusters of mushrooms that appear in meadows, forests, and other places. In recent decades, significant progress has been made in deciphering fairy chemicals (FCs) involved in the intricate crosstalk between mushrooms and plants. FCs contain three chemical components: 2‐azahypoxanthine (AHX), 2‐aza‐8‐oxohypoxanthine (AOH), and imidazole‐4‐carboxamide (ICA). FCs can enhance the plant's resistance to environmental stresses such as cold, heat, and salt, and can increase crop yields; In addition, it can also have biological activities such as skin barrier improvement, anti‐ageing, and anti‐tumour. This review systematically integrated multiple facets of FCs, encompassing their discovery, the biochemical synthesis pathways giving rise to FCs, the derivatives and compounds originated from FCs, and their emerging applications in agriculture, beauty industry and medical sciences. Moreover, the review also addresses outstanding questions in FCs and future challenges related to plant growth regulators and other compounds, promising a practical and innovative future in agriculture.