1. The number of inpatient psychiatric beds decreased by 32.5% between 1995 and 2012. The number went from 160 645 to 108 317. American Hospital Association, Annual Survey of Hospitals, 1995-2012
2. Szabo L Psychiatric beds disappear despite growing demand. USA Today . May 12, 2014. In 1995, there were 7.9 million seriously mentally ill adults who needed inpatient care; in 2012, there were 9.6 million people who required such care
3. Lutz A Life is hard for the 1.3 million mental patients behind bars in the US. Business Insider, May 23, 2012. There are reportedly 1.25 million people in prison with a diagnosable psychiatric condition, as opposed to 40 000 in inpatient facilities
4. 42 USC §1395dd
5. US DHHS, Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. State Operations Manual, Appendix V, Interpretive Guidelines, Responsibilities of Medicare participating hospitals in emergency cases http://www.cms.gov/Regulations-and-Guidance/Guidance/Manuals/Downloads/som107ap_v_emerg.pdf