Affiliation:
1. Institute of Physics University of Muenster Heisenbergstr. 11 48149 Muenster Germany
2. Center for Soft Nanoscience University of Muenster Busso‐Peuss‐Str. 10 48149 Muenster Germany
3. Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics University of Muenster Robert‐Koch‐Str. 31 48149 Muenster Germany
4. Kirchhoff‐Institut for Physics Heidelberg University Im Neuenheimer Feld 227 69120 Heidelberg Germany
Abstract
AbstractTargeted manipulation of neural activity via light has become an indispensable tool for gaining insights into the intricate processes governing single neurons and complex neural networks. To shed light onto the underlying interaction mechanisms, it is crucial to achieve precise control of individual neural activity, as well as a spatial read‐out resolution on the nanoscale. Here, a versatile photonic platform with subcellular resolution for stimulation and monitoring of in‐vitro neurons is demonstrated. Low‐loss photonic waveguides are fabricated on glass substrates using nanoimprint lithography and featuring a loss of only ‐0.9 ± 0.2 dB cm−1 at 489 nm and are combined with optical fiber‐based waveguide‐access and backside total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy. Neurons are grown on the bio‐functionalized photonic chip surface and, expressing the light‐sensitive ion channel Channelrhodopsin‐2, are stimulated within the evanescent field penetration depth of 57 nm of the biocompatible waveguides. The versatility and cost‐efficiency of the platform, along with the possible subcellular resolution, enable tailor‐made investigations of neural interaction dynamics with defined spatial control and high throughput.
Funder
European Research Council
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft