Aerogel‐Based Biomaterials for Biomedical Applications: From Fabrication Methods to Disease‐Targeting Applications

Author:

Karamikamkar Solmaz1,Yalcintas Ezgi Pinar1,Haghniaz Reihaneh1,de Barros Natan Roberto1,Mecwan Marvin1,Nasiri Rohollah1,Davoodi Elham12,Nasrollahi Fatemeh13,Erdem Ahmet4,Kang Heemin5,Lee Junmin6,Zhu Yangzhi1,Ahadian Samad1,Jucaud Vadim1,Maleki Hajar78,Dokmeci Mehmet Remzi1,Kim Han‐Jun19ORCID,Khademhosseini Ali1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI) Los Angeles CA 90024 USA

2. Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering University of Waterloo Waterloo ON N2L 3G1 Canada

3. Department of Bioengineering University of California‐Los Angeles (UCLA) Los Angeles CA 90095 USA

4. Department of Biomedical Engineering Kocaeli University Umuttepe Campus Kocaeli 41001 Turkey

5. Department of Materials Science and Engineering Korea University Seoul 02841 Republic of Korea

6. Department of Materials Science and Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) Pohang 37673 Republic of Korea

7. Institute of Inorganic Chemistry Department of Chemistry University of Cologne Greinstraße 6 50939 Cologne Germany

8. Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne CMMC Research Center Robert‐Koch‐Str. 21 50931 Cologne Germany

9. College of Pharmacy Korea University Sejong 30019 Republic of Korea

Abstract

AbstractAerogel‐based biomaterials are increasingly being considered for biomedical applications due to their unique properties such as high porosity, hierarchical porous network, and large specific pore surface area. Depending on the pore size of the aerogel, biological effects such as cell adhesion, fluid absorption, oxygen permeability, and metabolite exchange can be altered. Based on the diverse potential of aerogels in biomedical applications, this paper provides a comprehensive review of fabrication processes including sol‐gel, aging, drying, and self‐assembly along with the materials that can be used to form aerogels. In addition to the technology utilizing aerogel itself, it also provides insight into the applicability of aerogel based on additive manufacturing technology. To this end, how microfluidic‐based technologies and 3D printing can be combined with aerogel‐based materials for biomedical applications is discussed. Furthermore, previously reported examples of aerogels for regenerative medicine and biomedical applications are thoroughly reviewed. A wide range of applications with aerogels including wound healing, drug delivery, tissue engineering, and diagnostics are demonstrated. Finally, the prospects for aerogel‐based biomedical applications are presented. The understanding of the fabrication, modification, and applicability of aerogels through this study is expected to shed light on the biomedical utilization of aerogels.

Funder

National Institutes of Health

Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

General Physics and Astronomy,General Engineering,Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (miscellaneous),General Materials Science,General Chemical Engineering,Medicine (miscellaneous)

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