Blautia Coccoides is a Newly Identified Bacterium Increased by Leucine Deprivation and has a Novel Function in Improving Metabolic Disorders

Author:

Niu Yuguo1,Hu Xiaoming1,Song Yali2,Wang Cunchuan2,Luo Peixiang3,Ni Shihong1,Jiao Fuxin3,Qiu Ju3,Jiang Weihong4,Yang Sheng4,Chen Jun4,Huang Rui3,Jiang Haizhou1,Chen Shanghai1,Zhai Qiwei3,Xiao Jia2,Guo Feifan1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Zhongshan Hospital State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology Institute for Translational Brain Research MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science Fudan University Shanghai 200032 China

2. Department of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery and Clinical Research Institute First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University Guangzhou 510632 China

3. CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition Metabolism and Food Safety Innovation Center for Intervention of Chronic Disease and Promotion of Health Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200031 China

4. Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Science Shanghai 200032 China

Abstract

AbstractGut microbiota is linked to human metabolic diseases. The previous work showed that leucine deprivation improved metabolic dysfunction, but whether leucine deprivation alters certain specific species of bacterium that brings these benefits remains unclear. Here, this work finds that leucine deprivation alters gut microbiota composition, which is sufficient and necessary for the metabolic improvements induced by leucine deprivation. Among all the affected bacteria, B. coccoides is markedly increased in the feces of leucine‐deprived mice. Moreover, gavage with B. coccoides improves insulin sensitivity and reduces body fat in high‐fat diet (HFD) mice, and singly colonization of B. coccoides increases insulin sensitivity in gnotobiotic mice. The effects of B. coccoides are mediated by metabolizing tryptophan into indole‐3‐acetic acid (I3AA) that activates the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) in the liver. Finally, this work reveals that reduced fecal B. coccoides and I3AA levels are associated with the clinical metabolic syndrome. These findings suggest that B. coccoides is a newly identified bacterium increased by leucine deprivation, which improves metabolic disorders via metabolizing tryptophan into I3AA.

Funder

National Key Research and Development Program of China

China Postdoctoral Science Foundation

Publisher

Wiley

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