Advanced hybrid composites: A comparative study of glass and basalt fiber reinforcements in erosive environments

Abstract

AbstractThis study looks at how erosive wear affects hybrid composites made by vacuum infusing glass and basalt fibers into an epoxy matrix. The study uses garnet abrasives and a design experiment method to test how resistant these hybrid composites are to erosion at 30°, 60°, and 90° angles of impact. The analysis included three‐dimensional profilometry and scanning electron microscopy. Results show that glass layers enhance erosion resistance, whereas basalt layers increase wear. Key quantitative findings include erosion rates and mass loss, highlighting impingement angle and erosion time as critical factors. At a 30° angle, basalt exhibited more severe wear (erosion rate: 0.8090 mg/g for 20 s) compared to glass (erosion rate: 0.5683 mg/g). Conversely, at 90°, the erosion rate for basalt decreased to 0.3643 mg/g, indicating a decreased sensitivity to this steeper angle. According to the ANOVA, impingement angle and erosion time account for 30.08% and 50.25% of the erosion rate variance, respectively. These findings advance our understanding of material behavior in hybrid composites and emphasize the strategic selection and layering of materials for enhanced durability. This research contributes to developing more sustainable composites, demonstrating natural fibers' potential to improve mechanical properties and erosion resistance.Highlights Glass layers enhance durability against erosive forces in hybrid composites. Basalt layers accelerate erosion rates, showing a need for strategic layering. Glass fiber reinforcement significantly improves wear performance. Hybrid constructions with glass a top basalt balance flexibility and durability. Emphasizes eco‐friendly advantages of natural materials in composites.