Affiliation:
1. Department of New Biology Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST) Daegu Republic of Korea
2. Exosome Convergence Research Center (ECRC) Kyungpook National University Daegu Republic of Korea
3. Department of Biomedical Science, Exosome Convergence Research Center (ECRC) Kyungpook National University Daegu Republic of Korea
4. Department of Molecular Medicine, Cell and Matrix Research Institute, School of Medicine Kyungpook National University Daegu Republic of Korea
5. New Biology Research Center Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST) Daegu Republic of Korea
Abstract
AbstractBackgroundPatients with cancer undergoing chemotherapy experience cachexia with anorexia, body weight loss, and the depletion of skeletal muscles and adipose tissues. Effective treatment strategies for chemotherapy‐induced cachexia are scarce. The growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15)/GDNF family receptor alpha‐like (GFRAL)/rearranged during transfection (RET) axis is a critical signalling pathway in chemotherapy‐induced cachexia. In this study, we developed a fully human GFRAL antagonist antibody and investigated whether it inhibits the GDF15/GFRAL/RET axis, thereby alleviating chemotherapy‐induced cachexia in tumour‐bearing mice.MethodsAnti‐GFRAL antibodies were selected via biopanning, using a human combinatorial antibody phage library. The potent GFRAL antagonist antibody A11 was selected via a reporter cell assay and its inhibitory activity of GDF15‐induced signalling was evaluated using western blotting. To investigate the in vivo function of A11, a tumour‐bearing mouse model was established by inoculating 8‐week‐old male C57BL/6 mice with B16F10 cells (n = 10–16 mice per group). A11 was administered subcutaneously (10 mg/kg) 1 day before intraperitoneal treatment with cisplatin (10 mg/kg). Animals were assessed for changes in food intake, body weight, and tumour volume. Plasma and key metabolic tissues such as skeletal muscles and adipose tissues were collected for protein and mRNA expression analysis.ResultsA11 reduced serum response element‐luciferase reporter activity up to 74% (P < 0.005) in a dose‐dependent manner and blocked RET phosphorylation up to 87% (P = 0.0593), AKT phosphorylation up to 28% (P = 0.0593) and extracellular signal regulatory kinase phosphorylation up to 75% (P = 0.0636). A11 inhibited the action of cisplatin‐induced GDF15 on the brainstem and decreased GFRAL‐positive neuron population expressing c‐Fos in the area postrema and nucleus of the solitary tract by 62% in vivo (P < 0.05). In a melanoma mouse model treated with cisplatin, A11 recovered anorexia by 21% (P < 0.05) and tumour‐free body weight loss by 13% (P < 0.05). A11 significantly improved the cisplatin‐induced loss of skeletal muscles (quadriceps: 21%, gastrocnemius: 9%, soleus: 13%, P < 0.05) and adipose tissues (epididymal white adipose tissue: 37%, inguinal white adipose tissue: 51%, P < 0.05).ConclusionsOur study suggests that GFRAL antagonist antibody may alleviate chemotherapy‐induced cachexia, providing a novel therapeutic approach for patients with cancer experiencing chemotherapy‐induced cachexia.
Subject
Physiology (medical),Orthopedics and Sports Medicine
Cited by
1 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献