Update of Vocal Fold Shortening With Retrodisplacement of Anterior Commissure for Voice Feminization

Abstract

ObjectivesTo assess the efficacy and long‐term durability of the enhanced technique of Type II Vocal Fold Shortening and Retrodisplacement of the Anterior Commissure (VFSRAC) for voice feminization compared with the preceding Type I method.MethodsA retrospective analysis encompassed 506 patients drawn from a cohort of 1025 MtF transgender women who underwent VFSRAC between 2003 and 2021. The study period included cases from 2015 to 2021, during which the Type II update technique was implemented, involving a modification to the suture technique. Subjective and perceptual evaluations, aerodynamic and acoustic assessments, real‐time pitch analysis, and videostroboscopic reviews were conducted pre‐ and postoperatively in the MtF transgender women cohort. Comparative statistical analyses were performed to discern differences between the earlier Type I method (2003–2014) and the more recent Type II method (2015–2021).ResultsThe preoperative mean speech fundamental frequency (sF0) for Type II VFSRAC was 134.5 Hz. Postoperatively, the mean sF0 increased to 196.7 Hz, 212.3 Hz, and 207.5 Hz at 3 months, 6 months, and beyond 1 year, respectively, exceeding outcomes observed with the Type I method. Postoperative subjective and objective assessments indicated an augmentation in voice femininity. Acoustic and aerodynamic indices were within the normal range, and the regularity of the vocal fold mucosal wave was preserved within normal parameters. These results suggest that patients achieved a natural phonation pattern after surgery.ConclusionsThe application of our updated type II VFSRAC has demonstrated feasibility and consistently yielded favorable results for individuals desiring a naturally feminine voice.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 2024