A comparative study on the antennae morphology and ultrastructure of three mud crab species of the genus Scylla from Setiu Wetlands, Terengganu, Malaysia

Author:

Achdiat Muhammad12ORCID,Tan Kian Ann1,Fujaya Yushinta3,Wang Youji4,Martin Melissa Beata5,Shu‐Chien Alexander Chong678,Fazhan Hanafiah126,Waiho Khor126ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Biodiversity and Conservation, College of Marine Sciences Beibu Gulf University Guangxi China

2. Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries Universiti Malaysia Terengganu Terengganu Malaysia

3. Faculty of Marine Science and Fisheries Hasanuddin University Makassar Indonesia

4. International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology Shanghai Ocean University Shanghai China

5. Faculty of Science and Marine Environment Universiti Malaysia Terengganu Kuala Nerus Terengganu Malaysia

6. Center for Chemical Biology Universiti Sains Malaysia Bayan Lepas Penang Malaysia

7. School of Biological Sciences Universiti Sains Malaysia Bayan Lepas Penang Malaysia

8. Northland Aquaculture Centre National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research Ruakaka New Zealand

Abstract

AbstractCrustaceans possess a range of sensory organs crucial in sensory perception, communication, and various ecological functions. Understanding morphological and functional differences in antennae among species could validate taxonomic differentiation and ecological adaptations. The antennae morphology and ultrastructure of mud crab species within the Scylla genus are poorly understood, and their role in ecological adaptation and species differentiation remains unexplored. This study aimed to describe and compare the morphology and ultrastructure of antennae in Scylla olivacea, Scylla tranquebarica, and Scylla paramamosain. Antennae were carefully excised from each crab and subjected to morphological, morphometric, and ultrastructural analysis. The study revealed that the antennae of Scylla species exhibit similar overall morphology, with a series of segments that tapered toward the upper end. All species possess non‐branched single setae on the upper end of each segment. The number of antennae segments varied between species, with S. paramamosain having significantly more segments than S. olivacea. Additionally, the length and width of antenna segments differed among the species, with S. tranquebarica having a rougher antenna surface compared to S. olivacea and S. paramamosain. Our findings suggest that Scylla's antennae are distinct between species, especially in the number of segments and setae size. Such difference might be related to ecological adaptation. The role of antennae in sensory perception and social behavioral cues in mud crabs warrants further investigation. This study serves as a foundational reference for future research on the taxonomy, ecological adaptation, and sensory behaviors in the Scylla genus.Research Highlights Variations and similarities in morphology and ultrastructure of three Scylla species can be found in the antennae. Scylla paramamosain had significantly higher number of segments than Scylla olivacea in morphology feature. The antennae surface of Scylla tranquebarica was rougher than that of S. olivacea and S. paramamosain. Antennae of three Scylla species possess non‐branched single setae.

Publisher

Wiley

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