Plasma levels of fibrinolytic and coagulation biomarkers in HIV‐infected individuals on highly active antiretroviral therapy: A case‐control study in a Northern Ghanaian population

Author:

Derigubah Charles A.12,Nkansah Charles34ORCID,Mensah Kofi34,Appiah Samuel K.34ORCID,Osei‐Boakye Felix5ORCID,Odame Enoch2ORCID,Owusu Michael26,Serwaa Dorcas7ORCID,Hubert Maxwell A.8,Bani Simon Bannison9,Kuugbee Eugene10,Issahaku Razak G.11ORCID,Debrah Alexander Y.2,Addai‐Mensah Otchere2ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Medical Laboratory Technology School of Applied Science and Arts, Bolgatanga Technical University Bolgatanga Ghana

2. Department of Medical Diagnostics Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana

3. Department of Haematology School of Allied Health Sciences, University for Development Studies Tamale Ghana

4. Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences Faculty of Health Science and Technology, Ebonyi State University Abakaliki Nigeria

5. Department of Medical Laboratory Technology Faculty of Applied Science and Technology, Sunyani Technical University Sunyani Ghana

6. Department of Molecular Biology Kumasi Centre for Collaborative Research (KCCR) Kumasi Ghana

7. Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology University of Melbourne Melbourne Australia

8. Department of Medical Laboratory Science Koforidua Technical University Koforidua Ghana

9. Department of Biomedical Laboratory Sciences School of Allied Health Sciences, University for Development Studies Tamale Ghana

10. Department of Clinical Microbiology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences University for Development Studies Tamale Ghana

11. Department of Medical Laboratory Tamale Teaching Hospital Tamale Ghana

Abstract

AbstractBackground and AimImpaired coagulation and fibrinolysis have been implicated in thromboembolism in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐infected individuals. This study evaluated the plasma levels of plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1 (PAI‐1) and coagulation biomarkers in HIV‐infected individuals on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART).MethodsThis matched case‐control study from March to December, 2020 comprised 76 participants: 38 HIV‐positive individuals on HAART and 38 apparently healthy HIV‐negative individuals as controls. Blood samples were collected for prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), D‐dimers, PAI‐1, and soluble fibrin monomer complex (SFMC) estimations. The data were analysed using SPSS version 22.0 and statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.ResultsActivated partial thromboplastin time was significantly lower in HIV seropositive individuals on HAART compared with HIV seronegative controls (25.90 s vs. 29.0 s, p = 0.030); however, PT, SFMC, D‐dimers, and PAI‐1 were significantly higher among the HIV‐seropositive individuals compared with the controls: PT: (16.29 s ± 2.16 vs. 15.15 s ± 2.60, p = 0.010), SFMC: [8.53 ng/mL (8.03–9.12) vs. 7.84 ng/mL (7.32–8.58), p = 0.005]), D‐Dimer: [463.37 ng/mL (402.70–526.33) vs. 421.11 ng/mL (341.11–462.52), p = 0.015], and PAI‐1: [12.77 ng/mL (10.63–14.65) vs. 11.27 ng/mL (10.08–12.95), p = 0.039]. PAI‐1 showed a moderate positive correlation with D‐Dimer (r = 0.659, p < 0.001) and SFMC (r = 0.463, p = 0.003) among HIV‐positive individuals on HAART. There was a strong positive correlation between the plasma PAI‐1 concentration and the HIV viral load (r = 0.955, p < 0.001).ConclusionHIV‐seropositive individuals on HAART have deranged coagulation and fibrinolytic markers. Higher HIV viral load correlates strongly with elevated plasma levels of PAI‐1 antigens. Periodic assessment of markers of coagulation and fibrinolysis be included in the management of HIV/AIDS in Ghana.

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

General Medicine

Reference35 articles.

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