Syntheses and Preliminary Biological Evaluations of the Dibromopyrrole‐Containing Marine Natural Products Agesasine A, Agesasine B, Longamide E and Various Congeners

Abstract

AbstractTotal syntheses of the title marine natural products have been achieved and so confirming the structures originally assigned to them. Upon subjecting agesasine A and its corresponding ethyl ester to Mitsunobu conditions, a 1,5‐cyclodehydration reaction takes place to give 2‐oxazolines. In contrast, on subjecting agesasine B to the same Mitsunobu conditions, a simple dehydration reaction occurs to give the corresponding acrylate. A total synthesis of longamide E was achieved by engaging a 1,2‐disubstituted pyrrole in a lactam‐forming reaction and this was followed by a two‐fold and fully regio‐controlled bromination reaction. A distinctly different and possibly biomimetic route was used to synthesize, via the open‐chain natural product nakamurine B, longamide B and its methyl ester. Preliminary biological evaluations of the title alkaloids and various analogues against a small human cancer cell line panel reveals cytotoxic properties that vary significantly with structure.