Fluorinated Metal–Organic Framework–Polymer Mixed Matrix Membrane with Tunable Hydrophobic Channel for Efficient Pervaporation of Butanol/Water

Abstract

The permeability–selectivity trade‐off of membrane is a major challenge limiting the development of pervaporation (PV) technology. Rational design of high‐performance mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) has the potential to break off the trade‐off. Herein, a solvent‐assisted linker exchange‐based strategy is reported to introduce fluoroalkyl into metal–organic framework‐808 (MOF‐808). The pore size of fluorinated MOF‐808 can be adjusted with fluoroalkyl of different chain length (like trifluoromethyl and pentafluoropropyl). Then, the fluorinated MOF‐808/polyether block amide (PEBA) MMMs are prepared for the PV of n‐butanol/water. Compared with pristine PEBA membrane, 20 wt% 3F‐MOF‐808(P)/PEBA MMMs (3F = ‐CF3 group; P = postmodification method) exhibit 69% increase in permeation flux and 33% increase in separation factor in the PV of 2.5 wt% n‐butanol aqueous solutions at 70 °C. Based on Grand Canonical Monte Carlo and molecular dynamics simulations, fluorinated MOF‐808 shows better butanol affinity (pull effect) and stronger water repulsion ability (push effect). And the “push–pull effect” between fluorinated MOF‐808 with butanol/water is helpful to enhance the PV performance of MMMs. The application of “push–pull effect” provides a new strategy for the rational design of high‐performance MMMs, which is of great significance for the in‐depth research and application of PV technology.