Affiliation:
1. Department of Surgery‐Transplant and Mary & Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program University of Nebraska Medical Center Omaha NE 68198 USA
2. Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases College of Medicine University of Nebraska Medical Center Omaha NE 68198 USA
3. Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering University of Missouri Columbia MO 65211 USA
4. Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering University of Nebraska Lincoln Lincoln NE 68588 USA
Abstract
Taking inspiration from diverse interlocking and adhesion structures found in nature, a biaxially interlocking interface is developed in this work. This interface is formed by interconnecting two electrostatically flocked substrates and its mechanical strength is enhanced through the incorporation of enoki‐mushroom‐shaped microfibers and deposited extracellular matrix (ECM). Tips of flocked straight fibers can be transformed into mushroom shapes through thermal treatment. The tensile strength of interlocked scaffolds with mushroom‐shaped tips drastically increases when compared to scaffolds made of straight fibers, which is not reported previously. More cells proliferate within interlocked scaffolds with mushroom‐shaped tips than scaffolds with straight fibers. Additionally, the mechanical strength (e.g., compressive, tensile, and shear) of cell‐seeded interlocked scaffolds increases proportionally to the amount of ECM deposited by dermal fibroblasts. The biaxially interlocking interface developed in this study holds promise for applications in engineering interfacial tissues, modeling tissue interfaces, investigating tissue–tissue interactions, and facilitating tissue bridging or binding.
Funder
National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering
National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research