1. The terms dimer and dimerization are used in this paper for reasons of simplicity; correctly speaking, these biaryls are didehydrodimers of the corresponding aromatic portions. Mind that in this paper, the numbering system for dimeric carbazoles has been set identically to that of the monomers, independent of the coupling site.
2. For a synthesis of methylene-bridged binary carbazole alkaloids, see Bringmann, G.; Tasler, S. Tetrahedron 2001, 57, 2337.
3. In The Alkaloids, Vol. 44; Ed.; Academic Press: New York, 1993; p. 257; ; In Prog Chem Org Nat Prod 52; ; ; ; Eds. Springer: Wien, 1987; p. 159; ; In Prog Chem Org Nat Prod 57; ; ; ; Eds.; Springer: Wien, 1991; p. 71.
4. ; ; ; ; In Prog Chem Org Nat Prod 82; ; ; ; ; Eds.; Springer: Wien, 2001.