How does SARS‐CoV‐2 infection impact on immunity, procession and treatment of pan cancers

Abstract

AbstractWe identified 14 immune‐related differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs) between COVID‐19 patients and normal controls and the receiver operator characteristic curve results showed that they could be used to discriminate COVID‐19 patients from healthy controls. Single‐sample gene set enrichment analysis and CIBERSORT analysis displayed immune landscape of COVID‐19 patients that the fraction of immune cells (like B cell subtypes and T cell subtypes) decreased distinctly in the first SARS‐CoV‐2 infection which may further weaken immunity of cancer patients and increasing inflammatory cells (Neutrophils and Macrophages) may further promote inflammatory response of cancer patients. Based on expression levels of 14 DEGs we found that first SARS‐CoV‐2 infection may accelerate progression of cancer patients by Kaplan–Meier survival, immune subtypes and tumor microenvironment analyses, and may weaken anti‐PD‐1 monoclonal antibody treatment effect of cancer patients by weighted gene co‐expression network, tumor mutation burden and microsatellite instability analysis. The second SARS‐CoV‐2 infection was beneficial to control development of tumor seemingly, but it may be difficult for cancer patients to experience destroy successfully from first SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, let alone benefits from second SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. In addition, this study also emphasized significance of multi‐factor analysis when analyzing impacts of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection on cancer patients.