1. Key Laboratory for Semi‐Arid Climate Change of the Ministry of Education, College of Atmospheric Sciences Lanzhou University Lanzhou China
2. College of Physical and Environmental Oceanography Ocean University of China Qingdao China
3. State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, GCESS Beijing Normal University Beijing China
4. ESSIC and Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences University of Maryland College Park Maryland USA