1. Department of Gastroenterological Surgery Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine Hirosaki Japan
2. Committee for Promotion of Remote Surgery Implementation Japan Surgical Society Tokyo Japan
3. Department of Gastroenterological Surgery II Hokkaido University Faculty of Medicine Sapporo Japan
4. Department of Surgery and Science Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan
5. Tokai University School of Medicine Isehara Japan