Fundamentals of Electrolyte Design for Wide‐Temperature Lithium Metal Batteries

Abstract

AbstractLithium metal‐based batteries (LMBs) have garnered significant attention due to their exceptional energy density and lightweight characteristics. However, the electrochemical performance of LMBs often falls short, particularly in extreme temperature conditions. To address these challenges, the development of electrolytes capable of withstanding wide temperature ranges has emerged as a highly promising strategy for enhancing the operational capabilities of LMB across diverse weather conditions. This comprehensive review aims to explore the degradation mechanisms of wide‐temperature electrolytes, establishing a fundamental understanding of the failure mechanisms that impede LMB performance at harsh temperatures. Essential properties required for wide‐temperature electrolytes are elucidated, and the latest advancements in electrolyte technologies tailored specifically for all‐climate operations are comprehensively discussed. Particular emphasis is placed on the unique role of electrolyte solvation structure and interfacial properties across diverse weather conditions. This review offers valuable insights and proposes directions for the practical implementation of wide‐temperature electrolytes for LMBs, contributing significantly to the existing knowledge base while concurrently paving the way for developing robust LMBs capable of withstanding the rigors of diverse temperature environments.