Affiliation:
1. Institute of Physics and Astronomy University of Potsdam Karl‐Liebknecht‐Str. 24–25 D‐14476 Potsdam‐Golm Germany
2. Clarendon Laboratory University of Oxford Parks Road Oxford OX1 3PU UK
3. Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics Empa – Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology Duebendorf 8600 Switzerland
4. Division Solar Energy Helmholtz‐Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH 12489 Berlin Germany
5. The Chinese University of Hong Kong Electronic Engineering Department Shatin N.T. 999077 Hong Kong SAR
Abstract
AbstractPerovskite solar cells have demonstrated low non‐radiative voltage losses and open‐circuit voltages (VOCs) that often match the internal voltage in the perovskite layer, i.e. the quasi‐Femi level splitting (QFLS). However, in many cases, the VOC differs remarkably from the internal voltage, for example in devices without perfect energy alignment. In terms of recombination losses, this loss often outweighs all non‐radiative recombination losses observed in photoluminescence quantum efficiency measurements by many orders of magnitude. As such, understanding this phenomenon is of great importance for further perovskite solar cell development and tackling stability issues. The classical theory developed for Si solar cells explains the QFLS‐VOC mismatch by considering the partial resistances/conductivities for majority and minority carriers. Here, the authors demonstrate that this generic theory applies to a variety of physical mechanisms that give rise to such a mismatch. Additionally, it is found that mobile ions can contribute to a QFLS‐VOC mismatch in realistic perovskite cells, and it is demonstrated that this can explain various key observations about light soaking and aging‐induced VOC losses. The findings in this paper shine a light on well‐debated topics in the community, identify a new degradation loss, and highlight important design principles to maximize the VOC for improved perovskite solar cells.
Funder
Universität Potsdam
Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Energie
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
Subject
General Materials Science,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
Cited by
1 articles.
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