Biochar drives changes in soil bacterial communities and cotton growth by improving nutrients availability under saline conditions

Author:

Wang Yuting1ORCID,Tian Guangli2,Qiu Husen3,Zhou Xinguo1,Zhao Qingqing1,Tian Yuyu1,Li Dongwei1

Affiliation:

1. Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Xinxiang Henan China

2. Department of Agronomy and Horticulture Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry Jurong Jiangsu China

3. School of Environment and Surveying Engineering Suzhou University Suzhou Anhui China

Abstract

AbstractApplying biochar to saline soil is a novel strategy for improving soil quality. However, how biochar addition amount affects soil nutrients, bacterial communities, and cotton growth at different stages remains unclear. Three biochar treatments, no biochar (BC0), 1% biochar (BC1, w/w), 3% biochar (BC3), and two cotton varieties, salt‐sensitive (SS) and salt‐tolerant (ST), were used in pot experiments, analyzing biochar effects on saline soil nutrients, bacterial communities, and cotton growth. The study found that biochar increased only organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), and available potassium (AK) at the seedling stage. However, at the flowering‐boll stage, biochar also increased nitrate () and available phosphorus (AP) and reduced soil salt content. Biochar did not affect α‐diversity at the seedling stage, but BC3 reduced α‐diversity at the flowering‐boll stage. The principal coordinate analysis revealed changes in the soil bacterial community composition that were closely associated with biochar added. From the redundancy analyses, SOC and AK were the leading environmental factors for soil bacterial community composition changes. SOC, TN, and AK correlated positively with Proteobacteria, which increased their relative abundance through biochar addition and correlated negatively with Bacteroidetes, Chloroflexi, and Acidobacteria, which decreased their relative abundance due to biochar. Furthermore, the random forests analysis showed that SOC, Shannon index, and β‐diversity were significant predictors of cotton biomass. In summary, biochar drives changes in bacterial communities in saline soils by increasing nutrients such as SOC and AK, which affect cotton growth. This study provides data to support the application of biochar on saline soils.

Funder

National Natural Science Foundation of China

Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

Soil Science,General Environmental Science,Development,Environmental Chemistry

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