Affiliation:
1. Department of Pathology and Microbiology University of Nebraska Medical Center Omaha Nebraska USA
2. Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Anatomy University of Nebraska Medical Center Omaha Nebraska USA
3. Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center Omaha Nebraska USA
Abstract
AbstractCancer is a complex and dynamic disease, initiated by a multitude of intrinsic mutations and progressed with the assistance of the tissue microenvironment, encompassed by stromal cells including immune cell infiltration. The novel finding that tumors can evade anti‐cancer immune functions shaped the field of immunotherapy, which has been a revolutionary approach for the treatment of cancers. However, the development of predominantly T cell‐targeted immunotherapy approaches, such as immune checkpoint inhibition, also brought about an accumulation of evidence demonstrating other immune cell drivers of tumor progression, such as innate immune cells and notably, neutrophils. In the past decade, neutrophils have emerged to be primary mediators of multiple cancer types and even in recent years, are gaining attention for their potential use in the next generation of immunotherapies. Here, we review current immunotherapy strategies and thoroughly discuss the roles of neutrophils in cancer and novel neutrophil‐targeted methods for treating cancer.
Funder
American Cancer Society
Basic Research Laboratory
DOD Prostate Cancer Research Program
Subject
Cancer Research,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging,Oncology