Affiliation:
1. Division of Renal Medicine Peking University Shenzhen Hospital Shenzhen China
2. Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine Shenzhen Second People's Hospital The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Shenzhen China
3. Department of Life Sciences Yuncheng University Yuncheng China
4. Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Urology and Nephrology Shenzhen China
5. Department of Nutrition and Health Promotion University of Home Economics Lahore Pakistan Lahore Pakistan
6. Department of Nephrology Medical Faculty University Hospital Düsseldorf Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf Düsseldorf Germany
Abstract
AbstractAortic aneurysm (AA) is an aortic disease with a high mortality rate, and other than surgery no effective preventive or therapeutic treatment have been developed. The renin–angiotensin system (RAS) is an important endocrine system that regulates vascular health. The ACE2/Ang‐(1–7)/MasR axis can antagonize the adverse effects of the activation of the ACE/Ang II/AT1R axis on vascular dysfunction, atherosclerosis, and the development of aneurysms, thus providing an important therapeutic target for the prevention and treatment of AA. However, products targeting the Ang‐(1–7)/MasR pathway still lack clinical validation. This review will outline the epidemiology of AA, including thoracic, abdominal, and thoracoabdominal AA, as well as current diagnostic and treatment strategies. Due to the highest incidence and most extensive research on abdominal AA (AAA), we will focus on AAA to explain the role of the RAS in its development, the protective function of Ang‐(1–7)/MasR, and the mechanisms involved. We will also describe the roles of agonists and antagonists, suggest improvements in engineering and drug delivery, and provide evidence for Ang‐(1–7)/MasR's clinical potential, discussing risks and solutions for clinical use. This study will enhance our understanding of AA and offer new possibilities and promising targets for therapeutic intervention.