1. Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of New Light Alloys Qinghai Provincial Engineering Research Center of High Performance Light Metal Alloys and Forming Qinghai University Xining 810016 China
2. School of Electronic Information and Communications Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China
3. School of Physics Science and Technology Xinjiang University Urumqi Xinjiang 830046 China
4. Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Alaska Fairbanks PO Box 755905 Fairbanks AK 99775‐5905 USA