1. Cardiovascular Center and Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine Mackay Memorial Hospital Taipei Taiwan
2. Department of Medicine Mackay Medical College New Taipei Taiwan
3. Mackay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management Taipei Taiwan
4. Department of Cardiology Taoyuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare Taoyuan Taiwan
5. Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine Taipei Veterans General Hospital Taipei Taiwan
6. Cardiovascular Research Center and Institute of Clinical Medicine National Yang‐Ming University Taipei Taiwan
7. Institute of Biomedical Sciences Mackay Medical College New Taipei City Taiwan