Electro‐optical behaviour of CuFe2O4@rGO nanocomposite for nonenzymatic detection of uric acid via the electrochemical method

Abstract

AbstractUric acid (UA) is a blood and urine component obtained as a metabolic by‐product of purine nucleotides. Abnormalities in UA metabolism cause crystal deposition as monosodium urate and lead to various diseases such as gout, hyperuricemia, Lesch–Nyhan syndrome, etc. Monitoring these diseases requires a rapid, sensitive, selective, and portable detection approach. Therefore, this study demonstrates the hydrothermal synthesis of CuFe2O4/reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanocomposite for selective detection of UA. After the nanocomposite synthesis, characterization was performed by X‐ray diffraction spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, UV–visible spectrometry, atomic force spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and electrochemical analysis. Furthermore, from the electrochemical analysis using cyclic voltammetry (CV), kinetic studies were carried out by varying the scan rate to obtain the diffusion coefficient, surface concentration, and rate of charge transfer to achieve a calibration curve that indicates the quasi reversible nature of the fabricated electrode with a linear regression coefficient of oxidation (R2: 0.9992) and reduction (R2: 0.9971) peaks. Moreover, the fabricated nonenzymatic amperometric sensor to detect UA with a linearity (R2: 0.9989) of 1–400 μM was highly sensitive (2.75 × 10−4 mAμM−1 cm−2) and had a lower limit of detection (0.01231 μM) at pH 7.5 in phosphate‐buffered saline solution. Therefore, the CuFe2O4/rGO/ITO‐based nonenzymatic sensor could detect interfering agents and spiked real bovine serum samples with higher sensitivity and selectivity for UA detection.