1. Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics; Chang Gung Memorial Hospital; Taoyuan Taiwan
2. Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences; Clinical Informatics and Medical Statistics Research Center; Taoyuan Taiwan
3. Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology; Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital; Keelung Taiwan
4. Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology; Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital; Chiayi Taiwan
5. Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology; Chang Gung Memorial Hospital; Taoyuan Taiwan
6. College of Medicine; Chang Gung University; Taoyuan Taiwan