Liver T1 Mapping Derived From Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging: A Potential Prognostic Marker in Idiopathic Dilated Cardiomyopathy

Abstract

BackgroundHepatic alterations are common aftereffects of heart failure (HF) and ventricular dysfunction. The prognostic value of liver injury markers derived from cardiac MRI studies in nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) patients is unclear.PurposeEvaluate the prognostic performance of liver injury markers derived from cardiac MRI studies in DCM patients.Study TypeProspective.PopulationThree hundred fifty‐six consecutive DCM patients diagnosed according to ESC guidelines (age 48.7 ± 14.2 years, males 72.6%).Field Strength/SequenceSteady‐state free precession, modified Look‐Locker inversion recovery T1 mapping and phase sensitive inversion recovery late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) sequences at 3 T.AssessmentClinical characteristics, conventional MRI parameters (ventricular volumes, function, mass), native myocardial and liver T1, liver extracellular volume (ECV), and myocardial LGE presence were assessed. Patients were followed up for a median duration of 48.3 months (interquartile range 42.0–69.9 months). Primary endpoints included HF death, sudden cardiac death, heart transplantation, and HF readmission; secondary endpoints included HF death, sudden cardiac death, and heart transplantation. Models were developed to predict endpoints and the incremental value of including liver parameters assessed.Statistical TestsOptimal cut‐off value was determined using receiver operating characteristic curve and Youden method. Survival analysis was performed using Kaplan–Meier and Cox proportional hazard. Discriminative power of models was compared using net reclassification improvement and integrated discriminatory index. P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results47.2% patients reached primary endpoints; 25.8% patients reached secondary endpoints. Patients with elevated liver ECV (cut‐off 34.4%) had significantly higher risk reaching primary and secondary endpoints. Cox regression showed liver ECV was an independent prognostic predictor, and showed independent prognostic value for primary endpoints and long‐term HF readmission compared to conventional clinical and cardiac MRI parameters.Data ConclusionsLiver ECV is an independent prognostic predictor and may serve as an innovative approach for risk stratification for DCM.Evidence Level1Technical EfficacyStage 2