1. National Heart & Lung Institute; Imperial College London; London UK
2. Department of Cardiovascular Medicine; National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center; Osaka Japan
3. Department of Cardiovascular Medicine; Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine; Sapporo Japan
4. Harington Heart and Vascular Institute; University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA, and Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals; London UK
5. Department of Cardiology, Hull York Medical School; Castle Hill Hospital; Kingston-upon-Hull UK
6. Department of Cardiology; Keio University School of Medicine; Tokyo Japan
7. Cardiology Department; King's College Hospital; London UK
8. Clinical & Academic Department of Cardiovascular Medicine; Whittington Hospital; London UK
9. Division of Cardiology; Kyorin University School of Medicine; Tokyo Japan
10. Department of Cardiology; St. Luke's International Hospital; Tokyo Japan
11. Department of Statistics, Hull York Medical School; University of Hull; Kingston-upon-Hull UK
12. Department of Cardiology; Sakakibara Heart Institute; Tokyo Japan
13. Robertson Centre for Biostatistics & Clinical Trials; University of Glasgow and National Heart & Lung Institute, Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals, Imperial College London; London UK