Incorporating organoclays into sustainable starch/polylactide biocomposites for enhanced mechanical and thermal properties

Author:

Zhang Xikui1,Muiruri Joseph Kinyanjui2,Yeo Jayven Chee Chuan1,Lin Ting Ting1,Vijayakumar Raveenkumar1,Lee Chih‐Hung1,Toh Jessica Pei Wen1,Thitsartarn Warintorn1,Li Zibiao123ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Polymer Composites Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR) Singapore Republic of Singapore

2. Sustainable and Green Materials Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2) Singapore Republic of Singapore

3. Department of Materials Science and Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore Republic of Singapore

Abstract

AbstractStarch is an essential biopolymer in biofuel production and a sizing agent in the paper and textile industries. However, native starch is unsuitable for most applications due to brittleness, inferior mechanical and thermal properties, and poor processability. In this regard, a series of modified starch‐based biopolymer composites were prepared by extrusion to produce composites with enhanced properties for enlarged applications. Unlike other studies, the developed thermoplastic starch (TPS) in this work was produced by gelatinizing starch with glycerol and poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) to induce both plasticization and compatibilization. The resultant TPS was blended with diverse organoclays and polylactide (PLA) via a twin‐screw extruder to obtain TPS/PLA/organoclay composites. The ensuing composites were studied for thermal and morphology properties using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Results showed that the organoclay loading highly influenced the mechanical and thermal properties of the TPS/PLA composites by enhancing the thermal stability and stiffness of the blends. More importantly, incorporating a small amount of organoclay into PLA enhanced its compatibility with TPS, as depicted in morphological studies. The enhanced crystallization and compatibilization of the blends resulted in enhanced mechanical properties of eco‐friendly composite materials for sustainable packaging applications.

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

Materials Chemistry,Polymers and Plastics,Surfaces, Coatings and Films,General Chemistry

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