Affiliation:
1. Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Technology State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China
2. Beijing Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Materials and Technologies Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Devices for Post‐Moore Chips Ministry of Education Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China
Abstract
Tin oxide (SnO2) has demonstrated significant potential as an electron transport layer (ETL) owing to its low‐temperature processing in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, the poor energy‐level alignment and the presence of interface defects between the SnO2 and perovskite layer aggravate the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the PSCs. Herein, heterovalent samarium cation (Sm3+) is deliberately doped into SnO2, optimizing the energy‐level alignment between SnO2 and the perovskite layer, and effectively passivating the oxygen vacancy defects on the surface of SnO2. Experimental and theoretical conclusions reveal that Sm‐doping successfully passivates the defects in the ETL and improves the perovskite crystal quality, thereby reducing interface charge recombination, and enhancing electron extraction from perovskite to the SnO2 layer. Consequently, the optimized Sm‐doped SnO2‐based PSCs achieve a PCE of 24.10% with a VOC of 1.174 V, negligible hysteresis, and improved durability under ambient conditions.
Funder
National Natural Science Foundation of China
State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities